Gramaticalization of Bugisness Language In Sidenreng Rappang community
Rustam Efendy Rasyid; Andi Sadapotto; Yusmah; Suleha Ecca & Syahrir L
DOI :
This research is a qualitative research, explains the grammaticalization of Bugisness language in interaction of Bugis societ. The research was conducted on the Bugis community in the Sidenreng Rappang district, South Sulawesi province. The data in this study is the speech of the Bugis community which contains grammaticalization of the language. The collected data is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. To test the validity of the data, data triangulation was carried out with the aim of studying the same phenomenon and increasing the credibility of the research. Based on the results of the previous discussion, it can be concluded that the grammaticalization of Bugis language that occurs in community conversations in Sidenreng Rappang Regency consists of three forms, namely: 1) merger, 2) haplology. and 3) contractions. Another finding is that Bugis grammaticalization is found in interrogative sentences, namely: 1) aga (what), 2) magai (why) 3) kenro (where), 4) niga (who), 5) pekkogi (how), 6) appanna (when). The grammatical function of Bugis language that occurs in community conversations in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is to form interrogative sentences in the form of: 1) asking an object, 2) asking the reason for an action, 3) asking the place where an event takes place, (4) asking the perpetrator, 5) asking the situation. something, the way an action is carried out, or the way an event occurs, and 6) asking the time of an event.
The rhetorical term in Fath al-Bari
Khaled Juma Hussein; Intisar Saleh Mustafa
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.7949646
As a consequence of the academics' diligence in refining the phrases and diving into the hues of rhetoric, the terms of rhetoric have increased in the Arabic lesson, both ancient and modern. This is because they were influenced by their ancestors' cultural heritage on the one hand, and also by the holiest books of Arabic rhetoric (Al Balagha) since ancient times, which is the Holy Qur'an on the other, so that rhetorical terms are the most numerous compared to terms of other Arabic sciences such as grammar, morphology, jurisprudence, and linguistics, and given It was required to learn rhetorical terminology in depth due to its complexity and quantity. The study of rhetorical terminology and its types in al-Asqalani's book Fath al-Bari begins with defining the literary term in general, its origin and history, and then examines the types of rhetorical terminology in the book with evidence for it and studies it from a technical standpoint
The effectiveness of an educational curriculum according to the (Felder and Silverman) model in developing reflective thinking and learning some basic skills in basketball
Asst. prof. Dr.Thamer Hussein Kahat
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8173901
And that the process of dealing with patterns of learning and thinking enables researchers to achieve positive results that provide an opportunity to prepare them and qualify them scientifically and practically for the future, and given the nature of the tennis game, it is natural that the ability to develop reflective thinking plays a major role in important moments; Because this matter requires thinking and making a quick decision, or finding a smart solution that is consistent with the playing situation. The game of basketball is one of the most popular games, so it is like any other game that has its basic principles that form the strong support on which it is based, and the advancement of the level of any student and the extent of his success depends to a large extent on the extent of his mastery of these basic principles and skills and can be achieved This is done by following the correct scientific method in the learning process.
Graphic organizer as a Model of Teaching and its influence on Iraqi collage learners ' Development in Reading Comprehension
Asmaa Hussain Jaber
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8353502
Graphical organizers (GOs) are visual frameworks that help learners understand a text. Studies of literature confirm a shortage of empirical surveys on the learning effects of GOs on L2 readers. The objective of current study is to explore the impacts of GOS on Iraqi collage learners ' reading comprehension accomplishment. In the research, The experimental model has been used with the control group. (62)First year collage students in the department of English at Imam Al Khdhum collage created the research group of respondents. Reading Achievement Test has been given to the respondents before the therapy. GOs have been researched in reading chosen passages with the experimental group. The same reading materials have been studied. After eight weeks of therapy, the Reading Comprehension Achievement Test was again provided to both groups. During the statistical analysis, it was noticed that the reading comprehension achievement test differed significantly for the experimental one. The findings confirmed that GOs ' training in EFL reading lessons allow students to understand English reading materials.
Satire In Oscar Wilde's Play "The Importance Of Being Earnest"
Wisam Basim Tawfeeq Al-Sabti
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8410121
This research first explores the concept of satire, its origin, purposes and types. It deals with Oscar Wilde' play " The Importance of Being Earnest" which is regarded as the farcical Victorian play in the sense that it satirizes the rigid norms of the English society in the Victorian Period. In this paper, the Victorian era is shown as the age of aristocracy, vanity, hypocrisy, depression, strictness and many other norms which are detected in various literary works, one of them is Wilde's farcical play. The Importance of Being Earnest is a satirist play. Satire , as a concept, is a literary means that tends to criticize and ridicule the faults, abuses, stupidity and follies of either individual or an entire society. The reason behind this satire not to defame it, but to reform it. Thus, this paper points out that Wilde, as one of the great satirists, develops satire in his trivial comedy for serious people to attack and reform the shallowness of the Victorian society. That's to say the research implies to reveal the different ways in which the playwright utilizes the play as a device to ridicule the social conventions of the English society of the Victorian Age, especially hypocrisy, vanity, marriage, wealth and class.
Cognitivity of Rollograph In Language Teaching
Love Nkem Ihedioha; Famous Oghoghophia Imu; Joshua Ruese Godwin-Ivworin
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8427803
This study investigates cognitivity of Rolliograph as an effective resource for teaching and learning in three major Nigerian Languages in Basic one pupil. The study reviews previous standard works on improvised instructional materials (rolliograph). The study adopts the Piaget’s 1936 theory of cognitive development which recognized that learning involves association established through cognitivity and repetition of reinforcement. The study reveals that reolliograph is an improvised visual instructional material constructed with local materials and that it is useful as a self-tutorial guide for teachers. The study also reveals that rolliograph helps school management to spend less on imported and expensive commercially produced media for instruction. The study recommended that teachers should be encouraged to attain seminars, workshops and school authorities should help in subsiding the procurement of local materials for improvisation of instructional materials for teaching and learning in basic one pupil.
Scaffolding As A Method Of Language Teaching
Love Nkem Ihedioha; Famous Oghoghophia IMU; Joshua Ruese Godwin-Ivworin
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8427789
The paper examines scaffolding as a method of teaching Igbo language to pre-school age, using actions, images and pronunciation practices (sensory, instruction and interactive methods) as a theoretical framework. Interactive models and language requires that scaffolding method enhances performance on assessment of task. Its specific objectives are to investigate the prospects and challenges of scaffolding as a method of teaching Igbo to pre-school age. The study revealed that scaffolding is individualized instructional method that possesses the biggest challenges for the teacher. The study also revealed that teachers’ manuals do not have scaffolding method for specific lesson content. However, the study reveals that scaffolding is effective in teaching preschool age.
Performance of the speech Acts of condolence and congratulations to Iraqi and lebanese students as a English foreign language
Osamah RiyadhLazim
DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.8434904
It is often observed that students mostly fail to recognize and produce certain illocutionary acts, particularly congratulation and condolence. A lot of studies have demonstrated that failure in the performance of these speech acts are mainly due to the inability of learners to identify the suitable meaning and to produce the suitable form. Thus, the study intends to detect Iraqi and Lebanese EFL students' performance of these two speech acts , arriving at the reasons behind this failure. The study hypothesizes that both groups find recognizing condolence and congratulation easier than producing them. In addition, students' failure is ascribed to the influence of LI culture and their lack of pragmatic and linguistic knowledge. To achieve the aims of the study, a test of two questions (recognition and production) has been designed and administered to two samples of Iraqi and Lebanese EFL fourth-year college students to detect their abilities in recognizing and producing the speech acts of congratulation and condolence