Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that varies in etiology, pathogenesis, severity, and response to treatment. The present study was conducted to detect the bacteriological changes accompanying cases of asthma patients and smokers compared to healthy people. The current study included 88 patients with asthma and smokers who suffer from bacterial infections in the respiratory system, they were compared with 50 healthy people from 15/12/2022 to 28/6/2023 in the Allergy and Asthma Center in Baghdad. Sputum culture results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the dominant bacteria colonizing the respiratory tract of asthma patients and smokers compared to the colonization rates of other types of bacteria. The majority of bacteria isolated from asthma patients showed high resistance to Ampicillin and Gentamycin, at rates of 100% and 96%, respectively. In contrast, it showed the lowest resistance rate against Ciprofloxacin and, Augmentin at rates of 30% and 22%, respectively.